Extensively, the forests in India could be separated right into 5 significant kinds on the basis of specific typical attributes like leading all-natural plants, weather regions and so on
. Exotic Evergreen ans Semi-Evergreen
Tropical Deciduous
Tropical Thorn
Montane
Coastal and Swamp
Exotic Evergreen as well as Semi-Evergreen Forests:
Tropical Evergreen and semi-evergreen forests are commonly discovered in cozy as well as damp areas with rainfall more than 200cm and imply annual temperature level greater than 22 levels.
In India, these are discovered in western inclines of Western Ghats, sloping locations of N.E states, Andaman and also Nicobar islands.
No fixed periods for flowering, dropping or fruiting in these woodlands.
They are green all the year round.
Very dense woodlands and well stratified.
Extremely tall Trees which could go upto 60m or above are found in Exotic Evergreen forests.
Key Types- Rosewood, Ebony, Mahagony and so on
. Exotic Semi-Evergreen Woodlands are found in much less wet locations of the area. These forests have mix of Evergreen and also Deciduous selections.
Key species of Semi-evergreen woodlands are white cedar, hollock, kail, maple, chestnut and so on
. Tropical Deciduous Woodlands:
These are one of the most extensive forests out of all the sorts of forests in India
Additionally, called as Downpour Woodlands.
They are located in the areas having rainfall between 70-200cm.
Exotic Deciduous Forests are more identified right into two kinds on the basis of rains- Exotic Moist Deciduous Forests as well as Exotic Dry Deciduous Forests.
Tropical Moist Deciduous Forests:
present in the locations having rainfall in between 100-200cm.
found in eastern inclines of Western Ghats, foothills of Himalayas in North-eastern states and also Odisha.
Main Variety of Tropical Moist Deciduous Woodlands: Teak wood, Sal, Sheshum, amla, kusum, mahua, Sandalwood etc
. Tropical Dry Deciduous Woodlands.
found in the areas having rains between 70-100cm.
present in rainier areas of peninsula and also the levels of Uttar Pradesh and also Bihar.
During Dry periods, Trees shed their fallen leaves entirely and also the woodland appears like a Grassland.
Key types of Exotic Dry Deciduous Woodlands: Khair, Tendu, Palas, axlewood, bel etc
. Exotic Thorn Woodlands:
Tropical Thorn Woodlands are discovered in locations having much less than 50cm of Rain.
Variety of Grasses and also Shrubs are discovered in these thorn woodlands.
They exist in dry and also semi-dry areas of south-west Punjab, Haryana, Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh and also Uttar Pradesh.
In Exotic Thorn Woodland, Trees continue to be leafless for the majority of part of the year.
Tussocky Grass grows upto 2m in these areas.
Montane Forests:
This sort of Woodland is discovered in the Hilly or Sloping areas.
Montane Forests in India can be identified in two types of woodlands - the Northern Montane Forests and the Southern Montane Woodlands.
North Montane Forests:
Discovered in the Himalayan ranges.
The plants kind adjustments with rise in altitude from Exotic To Expanse.
Deciduous woodlands are located at the foot-hills of the hills.
In between 1000-2000m, wet-temperate type of Forests are located. Evergreen broad-leaf trees such as Maple, Chestnut are commonly discovered in some locations at this height.
In between 1500- 1750m. Pine and Deodar trees are discovered in some locations. Chinar and Walnut trees exist in Kashmir Mountain range at this elevation.
Between 2200-3000m Blue Pine and Spruce show up.
At an altitude of 3000 - 4000m, Silver firs, Junipers, pines, birch and also rhodendrons are found.
At Higher elevations, Mosses as well as Lichens are present.
Southern Montane Forests:
They are found in 3 significant areas in Southern India - Hills of Western Ghats, Nilgiri Hills and also Vindhyas.
As, the Hills in Southern India are closer to the tropics and also with typical height of 1500m, they only reveal 2 sorts of vegetation - Temperate in higher areas at sub-tropical in lower areas.
The Temperate Woodlands of Nilgiri, Annamalai and Panini Hills are called as Sholas.
Main Variety of Southern Montane Woodlands: Magnolia, Laurel, cinchona and also wattle.
Coastal and also Swamp Forests:
Also, called as Wetland Forests.
India has rich selection of these types of woodlands.
Mostly found in: storage tanks of Deccan Plateau, saline coast of Gujarat, Rajasthan as well as Gulf of Kachchh, eastern coast deltas, lake and rivers of kashmir as well as ladakh, swamps in north-east India etc
. Mangroves Woodlands expand along shore in the salt-marshes, tidal creeks and also tidewaters.
Mangroves are the home of a large selection of Birds.
Likewise, has a variety of Salt-tolerant species of plants.
Mangroves in India are greatly existing in Andaman and Nicobar island, Sunderban Deltas and Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna deltas.